And they shall beat their swords into ploughshares. Where did the veterans from the 	 
Eastern Balkan provinces settle?

PREDA, ALEXANDRA; RUSCU, LIGIA; MUNTEAN, IOAN

EPHEMERIS NAPOCENSIS 35 (XXXV/2025)

And they shall beat their swords into ploughshares. Where did the veterans from the Eastern Balkan provinces settle?

(pages 7-88)

DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.33993/ephnap.2025.35.7

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Authors:
ALEXANDRA PREDA
Doctoral School “History. Civilization. Culture”, Babeş‑Bolyai University, M. Kogălniceanu 1, 400347, Cluj‑ Napoca, Romania; e‑mail: preda.alexandra98@gmail.com.

LIGIA RUSCU
Faculty of History and Philosophy, Department of Ancient History and Archaeology, Babeş‑Bolyai University, M. Kogălniceanu 1, 400347, Cluj‑Napoca, Romania; e‑mail: ligiaruscu@gmail.com; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000‑0003‑3126‑2444

IOAN MUNTEAN
National Museum of History of Romania, Calea Victoriei 12, 030026, Bucharest, Romania; e‑mail: munteanioan998@gmail.com.

Keywords: Roman veterans, Eastern Balkan provinces, epigraphic evidence, geospatial analysis, mobility.

Abstract
Abstract: In this study we examine the settlement patterns of Roman military veterans across four Eastern Balkan provinces—Achaia, Macedonia, Thrace, and Lower Moesia—between the reign of Augustus and the 3rd century AD. Drawing primarily on epigraphic evidence, this research maps veteran destinations and investigates their demographic, social, and cultural impacts on local communities. Findings confirm that most veterans remained near their last place of service, with a minority returning to their places of origin or relocating independently. Our study highlights the significance of urban centers—particularly Roman coloniae, municipia, and key Greek poleis—as primary settlement sites, but also identifies rural concentrations of veterans. The paper employs GIS-based mapping for visual analysis and provides insight into veterans’ mobility, integration, and legacy within the provincial landscape.

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EPHEMERIS NAPOCENSIS

Issues

And they shall beat their swords into ploughshares. Where did the veterans from the Eastern Balkan provinces settle?